RESUMO
Introducción. Durante la infancia, los niños pueden experimentar algún grado de dificultad al comer. Existe una herramienta, desarrollada en Estados Unidos, de evaluación de la alimentación pediátrica (PediEAT), que permite identificar síntomas problemáticos. Objetivo. Realizar una adaptación transcultural para una versión argentina, con adecuación cultural y equivalencia semántica respecto a su versión original. Población y métodos. Se utilizó una versión autoadministrada del PediEAT que fue respondida por familias y/o cuidadores de niños de 6 meses a 7 años. Se realizó una primera fase de evaluación de validez del contenido con un grupo de expertos. Luego, una fase de pretest con familias mediante entrevistas cognitivas para comprobar la comprensión de las palabras y frases. Se realizaron las modificaciones necesarias para que quedara adaptada al contexto. Resultados. En la fase de evaluación de validez del contenido con el grupo de 8 expertos, de los 80 ítems se modificaron 36. En el pretest, se realizaron entrevistas cognitivas a 18 cuidadores; se realizaron cambios en 11 ítems para mejorar la comprensión por parte de la población argentina. La versión argentina fue aprobada por los autores originales. Conclusiones. El instrumento PediEAT versión argentina resulta lingüísticamente equivalente a su versión original, lo que permite su uso para la detección de problemáticas alimentarias en niños.
Introduction. During childhood, children may experience some degree of difficulty eating. A tool (PediEAT) has been developed in the United States and is available to assess pediatric eating and to identify problematic symptoms. Objective. To obtain an Argentine version that is transculturally adapted, culturally adequate, and semantically equivalent to the original version. Population and methods. A self-administered version of the PediEAT was used and completed by families and/or caregivers of children aged 6 months to 7 years. In the first phase, content validity was assessed by a group of experts. This was followed by a pre-test phase with families using cognitive interviews to test word and phrase comprehension. The necessary changes were made to obtain a version adapted to the context. Results. The tool's content validity was assessed by a group of 8 experts; as a result, 36 of the 80 items were changed. During the pre-test phase, cognitive interviews were conducted with 18 caregivers; 11 items were changed to improve comprehension by the Argentine population. The Argentine version was approved by the original authors. Conclusions. The Argentine version of the PediEAT tool is linguistically equivalent to the original version, and this allows its use to screen for feeding problems in children.
Assuntos
Humanos , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Transtornos de Alimentação na Infância , Nutrição da Criança , Psicometria/estatística & dados numéricos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , CuidadoresRESUMO
Introduction. During childhood, children may experience some degree of difficulty eating. A tool (PediEAT) has been developed in the United States and is available to assess pediatric eating and to identify problematic symptoms. Objective. To obtain an Argentine version that is transculturally adapted, culturally adequate, and semantically equivalent to the original version. Population and methods. A self-administered version of the PediEAT was used and completed by families and/or caregivers of children aged 6 months to 7 years. In the first phase, content validity was assessed by a group of experts. This was followed by a pre-test phase with families using cognitive interviews to test word and phrase comprehension. The necessary changes were made to obtain a version adapted to the context. Results. The tool's content validity was assessed by a group of 8 experts; as a result, 36 of the 80 items were changed. During the pre-test phase, cognitive interviews were conducted with 18 caregivers; 11 items were changed to improve comprehension by the Argentine population. The Argentine version was approved by the original authors. Conclusions. The Argentine version of the PediEAT tool is linguistically equivalent to the original version, and this allows its use to screen for feeding problems in children.
Introducción. Durante la infancia, los niños pueden experimentar algún grado de dificultad al comer. Existe una herramienta, desarrollada en Estados Unidos, de evaluación de la alimentación pediátrica (PediEAT), que permite identificar síntomas problemáticos. Objetivo. Realizar una adaptación transcultural para una versión argentina, con adecuación cultural y equivalencia semántica respecto a su versión original. Población y métodos. Se utilizó una versión autoadministrada del PediEAT que fue respondida por familias y/o cuidadores de niños de 6 meses a 7 años. Se realizó una primera fase de evaluación de validez del contenido con un grupo de expertos. Luego, una fase de pretest con familias mediante entrevistas cognitivas para comprobar la comprensión de las palabras y frases. Se realizaron las modificaciones necesarias para que quedara adaptada al contexto. Resultados. En la fase de evaluación de validez del contenido con el grupo de 8 expertos, de los 80 ítems se modificaron 36. En el pretest, se realizaron entrevistas cognitivas a 18 cuidadores; se realizaron cambios en 11 ítems para mejorar la comprensión por parte de la población argentina. La versión argentina fue aprobada por los autores originales. Conclusiones. El instrumento PediEAT versión argentina resulta lingüísticamente equivalente a su versión original, lo que permite su uso para la detección de problemáticas alimentarias en niños.
Assuntos
Cuidadores , Humanos , Criança , Estados Unidos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Reprodutibilidade dos TestesRESUMO
Introduction: Motor compromise characterizes cerebral palsy (CP), and is often associated with intellectual disability (ID). Standardized classification systems have been developed to describe the functions of people with CP. The aim was to functionally characterize children and adolescents aged 0 to 18 years with CP in Argentina and to investigate the association between motor compromise (GMFCS), ID and functional classifications. Methods: Cross-sectional study. Data were collected through family interviews and medical records review. Individuals with CP were included. Data were collected from 19 institutions in different cities of Argentina. Fisher's test and odds ratio [IC95%] were used for data analysis, with significance <0.05. Results: 182 children and adolescents with CP participated. According to GMFCS classification, level V prevailed with 36.3%. Those with more severe motor compromise (GMFCS IV-V) were 72 [25.4;206.0] times and 13 [5.9;28.2] times more likely to present a severe level of MACS and CFCS, respectively. But they were 34 [7.9;146.0] times more likely to have a mild to moderate level of EDACS. Those with DI were 10 [5.1;20.5] times more likely to have severe GMFCS, 6 [3.4;13.2] times more likely to have severe MACS and 4 [2.0;7.8] times more likely to have severe CFCS. On the contrary, they are 4 [1.9;9.5] times more likely to present a mild-moderate EDACS level. Conclusion: the level of GMFCS and the presence of DI influence general functionality and increase severity in engagement, manual and communication skills.
Introducción: El compromiso motor caracteriza la parálisis cerebral (PC), y suele asociarse a la discapacidad intelectual (DI). Se han desarrollado sistemas de clasificación estandarizados para describir las funciones de personas con PC. Objetivo: caracterizar funcionalmente a niños, niñas y adolescentes de 0 a 18 años con PC de Argentina e indagar la asociación entre el compromiso motor (GMFCS), la DI y las clasificaciones funcionales. Métodos: Estudio transversal. Se recolectaron datos a través de entrevistas a las familias y revisión de historias clínicas. Se incluyeron personas con PC. Los datos se recolectaron de 19 instituciones de distintas ciudades de Argentina. Resultados: participaron 182 niños, niñas y adolescentes con PC. Según clasificación GMFCS prevaleció el nivel V con 36,3%. Quienes presentan compromiso motor más severo (GMFCS IV-V), tienen 72 [25,4;206,0] veces y 13 [5,9;28,2] veces más chances de presentar un nivel severo de MACS y CFCS respectivamente. Pero, presentaron 34 [7,9;146,0] veces más chances de un nivel leve a moderado de EDACS. Quienes presentaron DI tuvieron 10 [5,1;20,5] veces más chances de presentar un nivel severo GMFCS, 6 [3,4;13,2] veces más chances un nivel severo MACS y 4 [2,0;7,8] veces más chances de un nivel severo CFCS. Por el contrario, tienen 4 [1,9;9,5] veces más chances de presentar un nivel leve-moderado EDACS. Conclusión: el nivel de GMFCS y la presencia de DI influyen en la funcionalidad general y aumentan la severidad en el compromiso, habilidades manuales y de comunicación.
Assuntos
Paralisia Cerebral , Deficiência Intelectual , Transtornos Motores , Criança , Humanos , Adolescente , Argentina , Atividades CotidianasRESUMO
AIM: To validate a novel equation to estimate weight from mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) among children with cerebral palsy (CP) in rural Bangladesh. METHOD: Children with CP aged 2 to 18 years registered in the Bangladesh CP Register were randomly selected. Data on sociodemographics, Gross Motor Function Classification System level, and anthropometric measurements were extracted. Bland-Altman plots with a 95% agreement limit and Lin's concordance correlation coefficient with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported to measure agreement between observed and estimated weight. Percentage error was used to determinate the method's accuracy. RESULTS: There were 497 participants with a mean age at assessment of 9 years (SD 4 years 11 months) (47.7% female). Lin's concordance correlation coefficient between the observed and estimated weights was 0.90 (95% CI 0.89-0.92). Bland-Altman plots showed a reasonable accuracy of the equation in the study cohort. The mean percentage error of the equation was 5.04%. The average difference between observed and estimated weights was -1.02 kg (SD 5.1). The differences between observed and estimated weights were significantly greater among children with weight-for-age, height-for-age, or BMI-for-age z-scores less than or equal to -4. INTERPRETATION: It is possible to predict the weight of children with CP from MUAC with sufficient accuracy. The equation can be used for populations in low-resources and low- and middle-income countries. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: The equations predict the weight of children with cerebral palsy from their mid-upper arm circumference reasonably accurately. The difference between observed and estimated weights ranged between 0 kg and ± 5 kg in 81.5% of children. Sex and Gross Motor Function Classification System level did not affect the accuracy of the equations. The equations were less accurate for estimating the weight of severely undernourished children.
Assuntos
Paralisia Cerebral , Transtornos da Nutrição Infantil , Humanos , Criança , Feminino , Masculino , Antropometria , População Rural , BangladeshRESUMO
The COVID-19 pandemic is pronounced as a turning point in our professional health practice, from which new opportunities will arise with which we must promote the rights of children and people with disabilities.
La pandemia del COVID-19 se pronuncia como un punto de inflexión en nuestra práctica profesional en salud, a partir de la cual nuevas oportunidades surgirán con las que debemos promover los derechos de niños, niñas y personas con discapacidad.
Assuntos
Direitos Humanos , Criança , HumanosRESUMO
Introduction: In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, WHO published considerations regarding people with disabilities. The aim of this work was to know if these considerations can be fulfilled and if there are differences in their fulfillment between age groups. Method: Descriptive study aimed at people with disabilities in Argentina. A survey was conducted about the four WHO recommendations for this population in online mode, between the 28th and 39th days of preventive and compulsory social isolation. Statistical analysis was according to the nature of the variables, X2 with Fisher's correction was used to determine the differences between groups. Results: 309 surveys were collected from 18 provinces of Argentina. 230(74.4%[69.1-79.1]) were answered by caregivers and 79(25.5%[20.7-30.7]) by people with disabilities. Persons with disabilities were 138(44.7%[39.0-50.4]) children and adolescents and 171(55.3%[49.5-60.9]) adults and older adults. People with disabilities were able to comply with the WHO recommendations regarding reducing exposure to COVID-19 and to be prepared in case of contracting it. There were difficulties in the number of caregivers needed, since 266(66.6%[61.0-71.8]) have this possibility, and difficulties in 55(32.1%[25.1-39.6]) adults and older adults that do not carry out educational-therapeutic activities. There are feelings of anxiety, distress, or depression in people with disabilities and their caregivers. Conclusion: In Argentina, it is possible to comply with the WHO recommendations to avoid exposure to the virus and to be prepared in case of infection. Challenges remain to be solved in terms of accompanying people with disabilities in their physical and mental health.
Introducción: En el contexto de la pandemia del COVID-19 la OMS publicó consideraciones relativas a las personas con discapacidad. El objetivo del trabajo fue conocer si estas consideraciones pueden cumplirse y si existen diferencias en su cumplimiento entre grupos etarios. Método: Estudio descriptivo dirigido a personas con discapacidad de Argentina. Se realizó una encuesta sobre las cuatro recomendaciones de la OMS para esta población en modalidad online, entre los días 28° y 39° del aislamiento social preventivo y obligatorio. El análisis estadístico fue según naturaleza de las variables, para determinar las diferencias entre grupos se usó X2 con corrección de Fisher. Resultados: Se recolectaron 309 encuestas de 18 provincias de Argentina. 230(74,4%[69,1-79,1]) fueron respondidas por cuidadores y 79(25,5%[20,7-30,7]) por personas con discapacidad. Las personas con discapacidad fueron 138(44,7%[39,0-50,4]) niños, niñas y adolescentes y 171(55,3%[49,5-60,9]) adultos y adultos mayores. Las personas con discapacidad pudieron cumplir con las recomendaciones de la OMS en cuanto a disminuir la exposición a COVID-19 y estar preparados en caso de contraerlo. Hubo dificultades en la cantidad de cuidadores necesarios, ya que 266(66,6%[61,0-71,8]) tiene esta posibilidad, y en que 55(32,1%[25,1-39,6]) adultos y adultos mayores no realizan actividades educativas-terapéuticas. Existen sentimientos de ansiedad, angustia o depresión en personas con discapacidad y sus cuidadores. Conclusión: En Argentina se está pudiendo cumplir con las recomendaciones de la OMS para evitar la exposición al virus y estar preparados en caso de contagio. Quedan desafíos por resolver en cuanto al acompañamiento de las personas con discapacidad en su salud física y mental.
